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Error Identifier: echo.nonString

Every error reported by PHPStan has an error identifier. Here’s a list of all error identifiers. In PHPStan Pro you can see the error identifier next to each error and filter errors by their identifiers.

Code example #

<?php declare(strict_types = 1);

function doFoo(): void
{
	echo [];
}

Why is it reported? #

The echo language construct expects values that can be converted to a string. Passing a value that cannot be converted to a string – such as an array or an object without a __toString() method – will cause a TypeError at runtime. In the example above, an array is passed to echo, which PHP cannot convert to a string.

How to fix it #

Convert the value to a string before passing it to echo:

 <?php declare(strict_types = 1);
 
 function doFoo(): void
 {
-	echo [];
+	echo implode(', ', []);
 }

Or use a function designed for the value type:

 <?php declare(strict_types = 1);
 
 function doFoo(): void
 {
-	echo [];
+	print_r([]);
 }

How to ignore this error #

You can use the identifier echo.nonString to ignore this error using a comment:

// @phpstan-ignore echo.nonString
codeThatProducesTheError();

You can also use only the identifier key to ignore all errors of the same type in your configuration file in the ignoreErrors parameter:

parameters:
	ignoreErrors:
		-
			identifier: echo.nonString

Rules that report this error #

• PHPStan\Rules\Cast\EchoRule [1]

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